Wilderness and Conquest
Epoch 50 · c. 1399 BC
Land Allotment and Shechem Covenant
The land is distributed, and Joshua calls Israel to choose the Lord in a final covenant appeal at Shechem.
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Bible references
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Scripture in full
The passages connected to this timeline moment are shown in full below.
Joshua 13:1-7
Now Joshua was old and advanced in years, and Yahweh said to him, “You are old and advanced in years, and very much of the land remains to be possessed. This is the remaining land: all the regions of the Philistines, and all of the Geshurites, from the Shihor, which is east of Egypt, up to the border of Ekron to the north, which is reckoned as Canaanite; there are five Philistine rulers: the Gazites, Ashdodites, Ashkelonites, Gittites, Ekronites, and the Avvim. In the south; all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah, which belongs to the Sidonians up to Aphek, to the border of the Amorites, and the land of the Gebalites, and all the Lebanon, toward the east, from Baal Gad at the foot of Mount Hermon up to Lebo-Hamath; all the inhabitants of the hill country, from the Lebanon up to Misrephoth Maim, and all the Sidonians. I will drive them out from before the Israelites; only allocate it to Israel as an inheritance just as I have commanded you. Therefore, divide this land as an inheritance to the nine tribes and the half-tribe of Manasseh.”
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Joshua 23:1-16
And it happened, after a long time, after Yahweh had given rest to Israel from all their surrounding enemies, and after Joshua was old and well-advanced in years, Joshua summoned all Israel, their elders, heads, judges, and officials, and he said to them, “I am old and well-advanced in years, and you have seen all that Yahweh your God has done to all these nations for your sake, for Yahweh your God is fighting for you. Look! I have allotted to you these remaining nations as an inheritance for your tribes, from the Jordan, with all the nations that I have cut off, to the Great Sea in the west. And Yahweh your God will push them back before you and drive them out of your sight, and you will possess their land, just as Yahweh your God promised to you. Be very strong to observe carefully all that is written in the scroll of the law of Moses so as not to turn aside from it, to the right or left, so as not to go among these remaining nations with you; do not profess the name of their gods, and do not swear by them, serve them, or bow down to them. But hold fast to Yahweh your God, just as you have done up to this day. Yahweh has driven out before you great and strong nations; and as for you, nobody has withstood you to this day. One of your men put to flight a thousand, for Yahweh your God is fighting for you, just as he promised you. Take utmost care for the sake of your life to love Yahweh your God, for if indeed you turn back and join these remaining nations among you, and you intermarry with them, marrying their women and they yours, know for certain that Yahweh your God will not continue to drive out these nations from before you; they will be for you a snare and a trap, a whip on your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from this good land that Yahweh your God has given to you. Look! I am about to die, and you know in all your hearts and souls that not one thing failed from all the good things that Yahweh your God promised concerning you; everything has been fulfilled; not one thing failed. But just as all the good things came to you that Yahweh your God promised, so will Yahweh bring to you all the bad things until he has destroyed you from this good land that Yahweh your God has given to you. If you transgress the covenant of Yahweh your God, which he commanded to you, and you go and serve other gods and bow down to them, Yahweh’s anger will be kindled against you, and you will perish quickly from the good land that he has given to you.”
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Joshua 24:14-28
“So now, revere Yahweh and serve him in sincerity and faithfulness; remove the gods that your ancestors served beyond the river and in Egypt, and serve Yahweh. But if it is bad in your eyes to serve Yahweh, choose for yourselves today whom you want to serve, whether it is the gods that your ancestors served beyond the river, or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are living; but as for me and my household, we will serve Yahweh.” And the people answered and said, “Far be it from us that we would forsake Yahweh to serve other gods, for Yahweh our God brought us and our ancestors from the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery, and did these great signs before our eyes. He protected us along the entire way that we went, and among all the peoples through whose midst we passed. And Yahweh drove out all the people before us, the Amorites who live in the land. We will serve Yahweh, for he is our God.” But Joshua said to the people, “You cannot serve Yahweh, for he is a holy and jealous God; he will not forgive your transgressions or your sins. If you forsake Yahweh and serve foreign gods, he will turn and bring disaster to you; he will destroy you after he has done good to you.” And the people said to Joshua, “No, we will serve Yahweh.” And Joshua said to the people, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen for yourselves to serve Yahweh.” And they said, “ We are witnesses.” He said, “Remove the foreign gods that are in your midst, and incline your hearts to Yahweh the God of Israel.” And the people said to Joshua, “We will serve Yahweh our God, and we will listen to his voice.” So Joshua made a covenant with the people on that day, and he established for them a statute and a judgment at Shechem. Then Joshua wrote these words in a scroll of the law of God, and he took a large stone and set it up there under a large tree, which is at the shrine of Yahweh. And Joshua said to all the people, “Look, this stone will be a witness against us, for it has heard all the words of Yahweh that he spoke with us. It will be as a witness against you, so that you do not deny your God.” Then Joshua sent the people away to their inheritance.
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Why this moment matters
Settlement in the land is inseparable from covenant commitment. Joshua ends by pressing the people to remember whom they serve.
About this section
God teaches holiness in the wilderness, renews covenant loyalty, and brings Israel into the land through Joshua.
Further study
Previous epoch
Epoch 49 · c. 1406 BC
Jericho, Ai, and Covenant Loyalty
Next epoch
Epoch 51 · c. 1380 BC
Israel's Incomplete Conquest
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